Photo: Original book source: Prof. Dr. Otto Wilhelm Thomé Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885, Gera, Germany — Public domain · source
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Survives zone 3 through 9
Roots roasted and ground as a coffee substitute; forced blanched shoots (chicons) and young leaves eaten as a bitter salad or cooked green; flowers edible.
- Hardiness
- Zone 3 to 9
- Habit
- Herb
- Edible part
- Root, Shoot, Flower, Leaf
- Ripens
- Leaves in spring; roots in autumn of the first year
- Mature size
- Taprooted perennial herb, flowering stems to ~1.5 m
- Light
- Full sun
- Soil pH
- 5.8–7.0
- Environment
- Temperate
- Status
- Both wild and cultivated
- Years to fruit
- 1 yr
- Pollination
- Self-fertile